Federal law requires firearm dealers, regardless of location, to initiate a background check before selling or otherwise transferring a firearm to a person who is not a dealer. The terrorists who attacked in San Bernardino in 2015 got firearms from a straw purchaser who passed a background check. ATF has said that nearly half of illegally trafficked firearms originate with "straw purchasers"-people who pass background checks to buy firearms for criminals. Most mass shooters, including those inspired by Islamic terrorist groups, pass background checks to acquire firearms. Less than one percent get guns at gun shows. Federal studies have repeatedly found that persons imprisoned for firearm crimes get their firearms mostly through theft, the black market, or family members or friends. 
Background checks don’t necessarily stop criminals from getting firearms.
NRA opposes expanding firearm background check systems, because background checks don’t stop criminals from getting firearms, because some proposals to do so would deprive individuals of due process of law, and because NRA opposes firearm registration.
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